diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/AppConfig.kt b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/AppConfig.kt
index 4a4759ee..8966bf60 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/AppConfig.kt
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/AppConfig.kt
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ object AppConfig {
     const val PREF_FRAGMENT_PACKETS = "pref_fragment_packets"
     const val PREF_FRAGMENT_LENGTH = "pref_fragment_length"
     const val PREF_FRAGMENT_INTERVAL = "pref_fragment_interval"
+    const val PREF_FRAGMENT_MAXSPLIT = "pref_fragment_maxsplit"
     const val SUBSCRIPTION_UPDATE_TASK_NAME = "subscription_updater"
     const val SUBSCRIPTION_MIN_INTERVAL_MINUTES = 15L
     const val PREF_SPEED_ENABLED = "pref_speed_enabled"
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/core/CoreOutboundBuilder.kt b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/core/CoreOutboundBuilder.kt
index f0c1eb28..213a090f 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/core/CoreOutboundBuilder.kt
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/core/CoreOutboundBuilder.kt
@@ -624,7 +624,9 @@ object CoreOutboundBuilder {
                     length = MmkvManager.decodeSettingsString(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_LENGTH)
                         ?: "50-100",
                     delay = MmkvManager.decodeSettingsString(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_INTERVAL)
-                        ?: "10-20"
+                        ?: "10-20",
+                    maxSplit = MmkvManager.decodeSettingsString(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_MAXSPLIT)
+                        ?: "10"
                 )
             )
             val noiseMask = OutboundBean.StreamSettingsBean.FinalMaskBean.MaskBean(
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/dto/V2rayConfig.kt b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/dto/V2rayConfig.kt
index 9cc803b5..a76ec2f4 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/dto/V2rayConfig.kt
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/dto/V2rayConfig.kt
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ data class V2rayConfig(
                         val packets: String? = null,
                         val length: String? = null,
                         val delay: String? = null,
-                        // val maxSplit: String? = null,
+                        val maxSplit: String? = null,
                         // noise
                         val reset: Int? = null,
                         val noise: List<NoiseMaskBean>? = null
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/handler/SettingsManager.kt b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/handler/SettingsManager.kt
index 235337d9..1ab3cbb1 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/handler/SettingsManager.kt
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/handler/SettingsManager.kt
@@ -527,6 +527,7 @@ object SettingsManager {
         ensureDefaultValue(AppConfig.PREF_MUX_XUDP_CONCURRENCY, "8")
         ensureDefaultValue(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_LENGTH, "50-100")
         ensureDefaultValue(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_INTERVAL, "10-20")
+        ensureDefaultValue(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_MAXSPLIT, "10")
     }
 
     private fun ensureDefaultValue(key: String, default: String) {
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/ui/SettingsActivity.kt b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/ui/SettingsActivity.kt
index 9c281231..40dba1f7 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/ui/SettingsActivity.kt
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/ui/SettingsActivity.kt
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
         private val fragmentPackets by lazy { findPreference<ListPreference>(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_PACKETS) }
         private val fragmentLength by lazy { findPreference<EditTextPreference>(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_LENGTH) }
         private val fragmentInterval by lazy { findPreference<EditTextPreference>(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_INTERVAL) }
+        private val fragmentMaxSplit by lazy { findPreference<EditTextPreference>(AppConfig.PREF_FRAGMENT_MAXSPLIT) }
 
         private val mode by lazy { findPreference<ListPreference>(AppConfig.PREF_MODE) }
 
@@ -243,6 +244,7 @@ class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
             fragmentPackets?.isEnabled = enabled
             fragmentLength?.isEnabled = enabled
             fragmentInterval?.isEnabled = enabled
+            fragmentMaxSplit?.isEnabled = enabled
         }
 
         private fun updateDynamicSocksPort(enabled: Boolean) {
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ar/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ar/strings.xml
index 550c3dff..855b51d7 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ar/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ar/strings.xml
@@ -368,6 +368,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">طول الجزء (الحد الأدنى - الحد الأقصى)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">فاصل الجزء (الحد الأدنى - الحد الأقصى)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">تفعيل الجزء</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">ماكس سبليت الجزء</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">Check for update</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">Already on the latest version</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bn/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bn/strings.xml
index d076b0f8..8bc94b69 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bn/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bn/strings.xml
@@ -367,6 +367,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">ফ্র্যাগমেন্ট দৈর্ঘ্য (ন্যূনতম-সর্বাধিক)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">ফ্র্যাগমেন্ট ইন্টারভ্যাল (ন্যূনতম-সর্বাধিক)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">ফ্র্যাগমেন্ট সক্রিয় করুন</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">ফ্র্যাগমেন্ট ম্যাক্স স্প্লিট</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">Check for update</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">Already on the latest version</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bqi-rIR/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bqi-rIR/strings.xml
index f442cb5c..4e9c9a5b 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bqi-rIR/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-bqi-rIR/strings.xml
@@ -367,6 +367,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">تۊل کتنا فرگمنت (هدقل-هدکسر)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">فاسله منجا کتنا فرگمنت (هدقل-هدکسر)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">ره وندن فرگمنت</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">مکسیمم تقسیم فرگمنت</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">واجۊری سی ورۊ رسۊوی</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">سکو نوسخه دیندایی پۊرنیڌه هڌ</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
index 53e53791..2cfcd571 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
@@ -364,6 +364,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">طول بسته های فرگمنت (حداقل-حداکثر)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">فاصله بین بسته های فرگمنت (حداقل-حداکثر)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">فعال کردن فرگمنت</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">حداکثر تقسیم فرگمنت</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">بررسی به روز رسانی</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">در حال حاضر آخرین نسخه نصب شده است</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
index ad488efb..d1eae918 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">Длина фрагмента (от — до)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">Интервал фрагментов (от — до)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">Использовать фрагментирование</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">Максимальное число фрагментов</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">Проверить обновление</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">Установлена последняя версия</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-vi/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-vi/strings.xml
index 789f7bea..97ff5cd5 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-vi/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-vi/strings.xml
@@ -369,6 +369,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">Fragment Length (min-max)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">Fragment Interval (min-max)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">Enable Fragment</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">Fragment Max Split</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">Check for update</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">Already on the latest version</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
index d914f84c..a6c9c27a 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
@@ -371,6 +371,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">分片包长（最小 - 最大）</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">分片间隔（最小 - 最大）</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">启用分片（Fragment）</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">分片最大分割数</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">检查更新</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">目前已是最新版本</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
index 0d776372..4c70cef5 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
@@ -369,6 +369,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">分片包長（最小-最大）</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">分片間隔（最小-最大）</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">啟用分片（Fragment）</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">分片最大分割數</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">檢查更新</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">当前已是最新版本</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
index 293aac12..4624ffb1 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_length">Fragment Length (min-max)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_interval">Fragment Interval (min-max)</string>
     <string name="title_pref_fragment_enabled">Enable Fragment</string>
+    <string name="title_pref_fragment_maxsplit">Fragment Max Split</string>
 
     <string name="update_check_for_update">Check for update</string>
     <string name="update_already_latest_version">Already on the latest version</string>
diff --git a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/xml/pref_settings.xml b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/xml/pref_settings.xml
index 5d4652b2..729c5755 100644
--- a/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/xml/pref_settings.xml
+++ b/V2rayNG/app/src/main/res/xml/pref_settings.xml
@@ -264,6 +264,11 @@
             android:summary="10-20"
             android:title="@string/title_pref_fragment_interval" />
 
+        <EditTextPreference
+            android:key="pref_fragment_maxsplit"
+            android:summary="10"
+            android:title="@string/title_pref_fragment_maxsplit" />
+
         <ListPreference
             android:defaultValue="tlshello"
             android:entries="@array/fragment_packets"
diff --git a/docs/AGENTS.md b/docs/AGENTS.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..271a3a5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/AGENTS.md
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# v2rayNG — Agent guide
+
+## Build
+
+```sh
+cd V2rayNG
+./gradlew assembleFdroidDebug    # or assemblePlaystoreDebug
+```
+
+Kotlin 2.4.0, AGP 9.2.1, Gradle Kotlin DSL. No lint/format/typecheck tasks configured.
+
+## Test
+
+```sh
+cd V2rayNG && ./gradlew test
+```
+
+JUnit 4 + Mockito. Unit tests only under `app/src/test/java/`. No instrumented tests beyond defaults.
+
+## Project structure
+
+```
+V2rayNG/
+  app/
+    src/main/java/com/v2ray/ang/
+      AngApplication.kt          # extends MultiDexApplication, inits MMKV + WorkManager
+      AppConfig.kt                # all constants, pref keys, URLs, ports, tags
+      core/                       # v2ray core integration
+        CoreServiceManager.kt      # start/stop core, traffic stats, delay measurement
+        CoreConfigManager.kt       # generates JSON config for v2ray core
+        CoreNativeManager.kt       # JNI bridge to libv2ray AAR
+        CoreOutboundBuilder.kt     # outbound config construction
+        CoreConfigContextBuilder.kt
+      service/                    # Android foreground services
+        CoreVpnService.kt          # VPN mode (VpnService)
+        CoreProxyOnlyService.kt    # proxy-only mode (no VPN)
+        CoreTestService.kt         # delay test
+        TProxyService.kt
+        DialerNativeService.kt / DialerWebviewService.kt   # browser dialer
+        RealPingWorkerService.kt   # WorkManager-based real ping
+        QSTileService.kt           # quick settings tile
+        ProcessService.kt
+      handler/                    # business logic
+        MmkvManager.kt             # all MMKV CRUD (servers, subs, settings, routing)
+        SettingsManager.kt         # preference defaults, config generation (633 lines)
+        AngConfigManager.kt        # server config operations
+        NotificationManager.kt
+        SpeedtestManager.kt
+        SubscriptionUpdater.kt
+        WebDavManager.kt
+        UpdateCheckerManager.kt
+        CertificateFingerprintManager.kt
+        SettingsChangeManager.kt
+      ui/                         # activities, adapters, fragments
+        MainActivity.kt            # main screen with drawer + tabs
+        ServerActivity.kt          # edit server config
+        ServerCustomConfigActivity.kt / ServerGroupActivity.kt / ServerProxyChainActivity.kt
+        SettingsActivity.kt / PerAppProxyActivity.kt / AppPickerActivity.kt
+        ScannerActivity.kt / LogcatActivity.kt
+        RoutingSettingActivity.kt / RoutingEditActivity.kt
+        SubSettingActivity.kt / SubEditActivity.kt
+        UserAssetActivity.kt / UserAssetUrlActivity.kt
+        TaskerActivity.kt / UrlSchemeActivity.kt
+        BackupActivity.kt / CheckUpdateActivity.kt / AboutActivity.kt
+      fmt/                        # protocol URL parsers (VMESS, VLESS, TROJAN, SS, SOCKS, etc.)
+      dto/                        # data classes + entities/
+      enums/                      # EConfigType, Language, RoutingType, etc.
+      extension/_Ext.kt           # extension functions (toast, traffic string, etc.)
+      util/                       # Utils, JsonUtil, HttpUtil, LogUtil, etc.
+      receiver/                   # BootReceiver, TaskerReceiver, WidgetProvider
+      contracts/                  # interfaces (ServiceControl, Tun2SocksControl)
+      helper/                     # QRCodeScannerHelper, PermissionHelper, FileChooserHelper etc.
+```
+
+## Key facts
+
+- **Storage**: MMKV exclusively — never SharedPreferences. `MmkvManager` is the data layer.
+- **Core**: Native AAR (`libv2ray`) from [AndroidLibV2rayLite](https://github.com/2dust/AndroidLibV2rayLite) or [AndroidLibXrayLite](https://github.com/2dust/AndroidLibXrayLite). Prebuilt `.aar` files go in `app/libs/`.
+- **Services** run in dedicated process `:RunSoLibV2RayDaemon`. `CoreServiceManager` controls start/stop lifecycle.
+- **Two modes**: VPN (`CoreVpnService`, uses `VpnService.Builder`) or proxy-only (`CoreProxyOnlyService`, local SOCKS/HTTP).
+- **Flavors**: `fdroid` (suffix `.fdroid`) and `playstore` (no suffix). ABI version codes differ per flavor.
+- **hev-socks5-tunnel**: Optional tun2socks binary. Build with `./compile-hevtun.sh` (requires `NDK_HOME`).
+- **ViewBinding** enabled, no DataBinding.
+- **No CI**, no pre-commit hooks, no lint/format enforcement.